When it comes down to it, the main thing you want to try to control is the pH in your mouth. You may or may not remember much from chemistry class, but acidic substances have a pH less than 7 and basic (or alkaline) substances have a pH greater than 7. Water has a pH very close to 7, or neutral.
Two things to remember:
1. Acid weakens or de-mineralizes enamel.
2. Takes almost an hour for your mouth to return to normal pH.
Therefore, it would be better for your teeth if you drink three cans of soda in a short amount of time instead of sipping on one can over several hours. Frequency is more important than quantity.
Milton Liu, DDS, LLC 
Do you recommend brushing with alkaline toothpaste and/or drinking alkaline water to help offset the influx of acids?
It’s possible drinking something alkaline after something acidic would help your mouth buffer the acid attack. I tend to wash acidic foods down with water although some say this doesn’t help at all. I recommend brushing with toothpaste containing fluoride and these are typically acidic by nature. Some think acidic toothpaste is a problem, but its supposed to be part of the mechanism of action. In order for enamel to be stronger, it has to incorporate fluoride as it remineralizes.